Dell Force10 S4810P Bedienungsanleitung Seite 3
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Contents
1 About this Guide......................................................................................................35
Audience..............................................................................................................................................35
Conventions........................................................................................................................................ 35
Related Documents.............................................................................................................................35
2 Configuration Fundamentals.............................................................................. 36
Accessing the Command Line............................................................................................................36
CLI Modes............................................................................................................................................36
Navigating CLI Modes................................................................................................................... 37
The do Command...............................................................................................................................40
Undoing Commands...........................................................................................................................41
Obtaining Help.................................................................................................................................... 42
Entering and Editing Commands....................................................................................................... 42
Command History...............................................................................................................................43
Filtering show Command Outputs.....................................................................................................43
Multiple Users in Configuration Mode............................................................................................... 45
3 Getting Started........................................................................................................46
Console Access...................................................................................................................................46
Serial Console................................................................................................................................46
Accessing the CLI Interface and Running Scripts Using SSH............................................................ 47
S4810 ............................................................................................................................................ 47
Entering CLI commands Using an SSH Connection................................................................... 48
Executing Local CLI Scripts Using an SSH Connection...............................................................48
Default Configuration......................................................................................................................... 49
Configuring a Host Name...................................................................................................................49
Accessing the System Remotely........................................................................................................ 49
Accessing the S4810 and Remotely.............................................................................................49
Configure the Management Port IP Address............................................................................... 50
Configure a Management Route..................................................................................................50
Configuring a Username and Password.......................................................................................50
Configuring the Enable Password.......................................................................................................51
Configuration File Management......................................................................................................... 51
Copy Files to and from the System...............................................................................................51
Save the Running-Configuration..................................................................................................52
Configure the Overload Bit for a Startup Scenario...................................................................... 53
Viewing Files.................................................................................................................................. 53
Compressing Configuration Files................................................................................................. 54
- 9.5(0.0) 1
- Notes, Cautions, and Warnings 2
- Contents 3
- About this Guide 35
- Configuration Fundamentals 36
- Navigating CLI Modes 37
- The do Command 40
- Undoing Commands 41
- Obtaining Help 42
- Entering and Editing Commands 42
- Command History 43
- Getting Started 46
- Accessing the Console Port 47
- Pin Assignments 47
- Default Configuration 49
- Configuring a Host Name 49
- Accessing the System Remotely 49
- Configure a Management Route 50
- Configuration File Management 51
- Viewing Files 53
- View Configuration Files 54
- Managing the File System 57
- View Command History 59
- Upgrading Dell Networking OS 59
- Using HTTP for File Transfers 60
- Management 62
- Configuring Logging 65
- Audit and Security Logs 66
- Configuring Logging Format 67
- Disabling System Logging 70
- Configuration 72
- Synchronizing Log Messages 74
- File Transfer Services 75
- Enabling the FTP Server 76
- Terminal Lines 77
- Lock CONFIGURATION Mode 80
- S4810MXL Switch 84
- Ethernet CFM 85
- Maintenance Domains 86
- Maintenance Points 86
- Maintenance End Points 87
- Configuring the CFM 88
- Enabling Ethernet CFM 88
- Creating a Maintenance Domain 89
- Create Maintenance Points 89
- Displaying the MP Databases 91
- Continuity Check Messages 92
- Enabling CCM 93
- Enabling Cross-Checking 93
- Caching Link Trace 94
- Enabling CFM SNMP Traps 95
- Configuring 802.1X 101
- Important Points to Remember 102
- Enabling 802.1X 103
- Re-Authenticating a Port 107
- Configuring Timeouts 108
- Authentication 109
- Configuring a Guest VLAN 111
- ACLs to VLANs 113
- Configuring ACL VLAN Groups 115
- Viewing CAM Usage 117
- Access Control Lists (ACLs) 120
- CAM Usage 121
- CAM Optimization 122
- Test CAM Usage 122
- ACLs and VLANs 123
- ACL Optimization 123
- Configure Route Map Filters 126
- Configuring Match Routes 127
- Configuring Set Conditions 128
- Continue Clause 130
- IP Fragment Handling 131
- Layer 4 ACL Rules Examples 132
- Configure a Standard IP ACL 133
- Configure an Extended IP ACL 135
- Applying an IP ACL 138
- Configure Ingress ACLs 139
- Configure Egress ACLs 140
- IP Prefix Lists 141
- Implementation Information 142
- Creating a Prefix List 143
- Viewing Prefix Lists 144
- ACL Resequencing 146
- Table 7. ACL Resequencing 147
- Route Maps 148
- Logging of ACL Processes 149
- Configuring ACL Logging 150
- How BFD Works 155
- BFD Packet Format 156
- BFD Sessions 158
- BFD Three-Way Handshake 158
- Session State Changes 159
- Configure BFD 160
- Related Configuration Tasks 161
- Enabling BFD Globally 161
- Disabling and Re-Enabling BFD 164
- Configure BFD for OSPF 166
- Disabling BFD for OSPFv3 168
- Configure BFD for OSPFv3 169
- Configure BFD for IS-IS 170
- Disabling BFD for IS-IS 172
- Configure BFD for BGP 173
- Disabling BFD for BGP 175
- Use BFD in a BGP Peer Group 176
- Configure BFD for VRRP 180
- Configuring Protocol Liveness 183
- Troubleshooting BFD 183
- Autonomous Systems (AS) 185
- Figure 21. Internal BGP 186
- Sessions and Peers 187
- Route Reflectors 188
- BGP Attributes 189
- Best Path Selection Criteria 190
- Best Path Selection Details 191
- Local Preference 192
- Next Hop 195
- Multiprotocol BGP 196
- Four-Byte AS Numbers 197
- AS4 Number Representation 198
- AS Number Migration 199
- Configuration Information 202
- BGP Configuration 202
- Enabling BGP 203
- Configuring Peer Groups 209
- Configuring Passive Peering 213
- Enabling Graceful Restart 216
- Redistributing Routes 221
- Enabling Additional Paths 221
- Changing MED Attributes 227
- Changing the WEIGHT Attribute 229
- Enabling Multipath 229
- Filtering BGP Routes 229
- Aggregating Routes 233
- Enabling Route Flap Dampening 234
- Changing BGP Timers 237
- Enabling MBGP Configurations 239
- Debugging BGP 240
- Storing Last and Bad PDUs 241
- Capturing PDUs 242
- PDU Counters 243
- CAM Allocation 250
- View CAM-ACL Settings 252
- View CAM Usage 254
- Troubleshoot CAM Profiling 255
- QoS CAM Region Limitation 256
- Control Plane Policing (CoPP) 257
- CoPP for OSPFv3 Packets 262
- Increased CPU Queues for CoPP 263
- NDP Packets 264
- Configuring CoPP for OSPFv3 265
- Show Commands 266
- Data Center Bridging (DCB) 268
- Priority-Based Flow Control 269
- Enabling Data Center Bridging 273
- Configuring Lossless Queues 277
- ETS Operation with DCBx 284
- Configure a DCBx Operation 286
- DCBx Operation 287
- DCBx Port Roles 287
- DCB Configuration Exchange 289
- Configuration Source Election 289
- DCBx Example 291
- Configuring DCBx 291
- DCBx Error Messages 295
- Applying a DCB Map on a Port 312
- Pause and Resume of Traffic 315
- Settings 316
- Figure 35. DHCP packet Format 319
- Configuration Tasks 324
- Specifying a Default Gateway 325
- Debugging the DHCP Server 326
- Using DHCP Clear Commands 326
- Stacking 331
- VLAN and Port Channels 332
- DHCP Snooping 332
- DHCP Server 332
- Configure Secure DHCP 333
- Clearing the Binding Table 335
- Dynamic ARP Inspection 336
- Source Address Validation 338
- Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) 341
- Link Bundle Monitoring 342
- Managing ECMP Group Paths 343
- Creating an ECMP Group Bundle 344
- FCoE Transit 346
- Table 19. FIP Functions 347
- Using FIP Snooping 350
- Enable FIP Snooping on VLANs 352
- Configure the FC-MAP Value 352
- FIP Snooping Restrictions 353
- Configuring FIP Snooping 353
- Enabling FIPS Cryptography 362
- Enabling FIPS Mode 363
- Generating Host-Keys 363
- Monitoring FIPS Mode Status 364
- Disabling FIPS Mode 364
- Protocol Overview 366
- Ring Status 367
- Multiple FRRP Rings 368
- Important FRRP Points 368
- Important FRRP Concepts 368
- Implementing FRRP 370
- FRRP Configuration 370
- Configuring the Control VLAN 371
- Setting the FRRP Timers 374
- Clearing the FRRP Counters 374
- Viewing the FRRP Information 374
- Troubleshooting FRRP 375
- mode transit 377
- no disable 377
- Configure GVRP 379
- Enabling GVRP Globally 380
- Configure GVRP Registration 380
- Configure a GARP Timer 381
- RPM Redundancy 382
- High Availability (HA) 383
- Disabling Auto-Reboot 385
- Hitless Behavior 386
- Graceful Restart 387
- Software Resiliency 387
- Hot-Lock Behavior 388
- IGMP Protocol Overview 389
- Join a Multicast Group 390
- Responding to an IGMP Query 390
- Leaving a Multicast Group 390
- IGMP Version 3 391
- Leaving and Staying in Groups 393
- Configure IGMP 394
- Selecting an IGMP Version 395
- Viewing IGMP Groups 396
- Adjusting Timers 396
- Enabling IGMP Immediate-Leave 398
- IGMP Snooping 398
- Disabling Multicast Flooding 399
- Applications 401
- Protocol Separation 402
- Interfaces 411
- Interface Types 412
- Enabling a Physical Interface 414
- Physical Interfaces 414
- Overview of Layer Modes 415
- Management Interfaces 418
- VLAN Interfaces 420
- Loopback Interfaces 421
- Null Interfaces 421
- Port Channel Interfaces 421
- Port Channel Benefits 422
- Port Channel Implementation 422
- Creating a Port Channel 424
- Changing the Hash Algorithm 429
- Bulk Configuration 431
- Create a Multiple-Range 432
- Exclude Duplicate Entries 432
- Exclude a Smaller Port Range 432
- Overlap Port Ranges 432
- Define the Interface Range 433
- Maintenance Using TDR 435
- Link Dampening 436
- Enabling Link Dampening 437
- Threshold Settings 440
- Enabling Pause Frames 440
- Table 29. Layer 2 Overhead 441
- Port-Pipes 442
- Set Auto-Negotiation Options 444
- Dynamic Counters 447
- Configuring IPSec 450
- IPv4 Routing 451
- Configuring Static Routes 453
- Messages 456
- Enabling Directed Broadcast 457
- Resolution of Host Names 457
- Configuration Tasks for ARP 460
- Enabling Proxy ARP 461
- Clearing ARP Cache 461
- ARP Learning via ARP Request 462
- Configuring ARP Retries 463
- Configuration Tasks for ICMP 464
- UDP Helper 464
- Enabling UDP Helper 465
- Troubleshooting UDP Helper 468
- IPv6 Routing 470
- IPv6 Headers 471
- IPv6 Header Fields 472
- Extension Header Fields 473
- Addressing 474
- Link-local Addresses 475
- Static and Dynamic Addressing 475
- Path MTU Discovery 478
- IPv6 Neighbor Discovery 479
- Configuration Tasks for IPv6 483
- Assigning a Static IPv6 Route 484
- Configuring Telnet with IPv6 485
- SNMP over IPv6 485
- Showing IPv6 Information 486
- Showing an IPv6 Interface 486
- Showing IPv6 Routes 487
- Clearing IPv6 Routes 489
- IS-IS Protocol Overview 500
- IS-IS Addressing 500
- Multi-Topology IS-IS 501
- Enabling IS-IS 505
- Changing LSP Attributes 510
- Table 32. Metric Styles 511
- Configuring the IS-IS Cost 512
- Changing the IS-Type 513
- Controlling Routing Updates 514
- Distribute Routes 515
- Applying IPv4 Routes 515
- Redistributing IPv4 Routes 516
- Redistributing IPv6 Routes 517
- Setting the Overload Bit 519
- Debugging IS-IS 519
- IS-IS Metric Styles 520
- Configure Metric Values 521
- LACP Modes 528
- Configuring LACP Commands 528
- LACP Configuration Tasks 529
- Setting the LACP Long Timeout 530
- Shared LAG State Tracking 531
- Configure a LAG on ALPHA 534
- Manage the MAC Address Table 542
- MAC Learning Limit 543
- NIC Teaming 547
- Configure Redundant Pairs 548
- Far-End Failure Detection 551
- FEFD State Changes 552
- Configuring FEFD 553
- Enabling FEFD on an Interface 554
- Debugging FEFD 555
- An RPM Failover 556
- 802.1AB (LLDP) Overview 557
- Optional TLVs 558
- Table 38. Optional TLV Types 559
- TIA-1057 (LLDP-MED) Overview 560
- LLDP-MED Capabilities TLV 562
- LLDP-MED Network Policies TLV 563
- Configure LLDP 565
- LLDP Compatibility 566
- Enabling LLDP 567
- Advertising TLVs 568
- Figure 77. Configuring LLDP 569
- Configuring LLDPDU Intervals 571
- Configuring a Time to Live 572
- Debugging LLDP 573
- Relevant Management Objects 574
- NLB Unicast Mode Scenario 580
- NLB Multicast Mode Scenario 581
- Configuring a Switch for NLB 582
- Anycast RP 585
- Enable MSDP 589
- Terminating a Peership 599
- Clearing Peer Statistics 599
- Debugging MSDP 600
- MSDP with Anycast RP 600
- Configuring Anycast RP 602
- MSDP Sample Configurations 605
- Spanning Tree Variations 609
- Modifying Global Parameters 613
- Configuring an EdgePort 615
- MSTP Sample Configurations 617
- Multicast Features 623
- Multicast Policies 625
- Area Types 634
- Networks and Neighbors 635
- Router Types 635
- Backbone Router (BR) 636
- Area Border Router (ABR) 636
- Internal Router (IR) 637
- LSA Throttling 638
- Virtual Links 639
- Router Priority and Cost 639
- OSPF with Dell Networking OS 640
- OSPF ACK Packing 642
- Enabling OSPFv2 644
- Assigning a Router ID 645
- Assigning an OSPFv2 Area 646
- Enable OSPFv2 on Interfaces 646
- Configuring Stub Areas 648
- Enabling Passive Interfaces 649
- Enabling Fast-Convergence 650
- Creating Filter Routes 655
- Applying Prefix Lists 656
- Troubleshooting OSPFv2 657
- Basic OSPFv2 Router Topology 658
- OSPF Area 0 — Gl 1/1 and 1/2 659
- OSPF Area 0 — Gl 3/1 and 3/2 659
- Enabling IPv6 Unicast Routing 660
- Configuring Passive-Interface 662
- Configuring a Default Route 663
- Displaying Graceful Restart 664
- Troubleshooting OSPFv3 673
- Viewing Summary Information 674
- Policy-based Routing (PBR) 675
- Networking OS 677
- PBR Exceptions (Permit) 680
- Sample Configuration 682
- Create the Redirect-List GOLD 683
- View Redirect-List GOLD 684
- PIM Sparse-Mode (PIM-SM) 685
- Refuse Multicast Traffic 686
- Send Multicast Traffic 686
- Configuring PIM-SM 687
- Enable PIM-SM 687
- Configuring S,G Expiry Timers 688
- Configure PIM-SMM 693
- Enabling PIM-SSM 693
- Port Monitoring 696
- Configuring Port Monitoring 699
- Remote Port Mirroring 701
- Remote Port Mirroring Example 702
- Restrictions 704
- Configuration steps for ERPM 708
- Private VLANs (PVLAN) 712
- Configuration Task List 714
- Creating a Primary VLAN 715
- Creating a Community VLAN 716
- Creating an Isolated VLAN 717
- Enabling PVST+ 724
- Disabling PVST+ 724
- PVST+ Sample Configurations 730
- Quality of Service (QoS) 732
- Port-Based QoS Configurations 734
- Classify Traffic 737
- Creating a Layer 3 Class Map 738
- Creating a Layer 2 Class Map 739
- Create a QoS Policy 741
- Creating an Input QoS Policy 742
- Creating an Output QoS Policy 742
- Allocating Bandwidth to Queue 743
- Create Policy Maps 744
- DSCP Color Maps 747
- Creating a DSCP Color Map 748
- Displaying DSCP Color Maps 749
- Enabling QoS Rate Adjustment 750
- Creating WRED Profiles 752
- Marking Packets 758
- Enabling RIP Globally 771
- Configure RIP on Interfaces 772
- Generating a Default Route 775
- Summarize Routes 775
- Controlling Route Metrics 776
- Debugging RIP 776
- RIP Configuration Example 777
- Core 2 RIP Output 778
- RIP Configuration on Core3 779
- Core 3 RIP Output 779
- RIP Configuration Summary 781
- Remote Monitoring (RMON) 783
- Setting the rmon Alarm 784
- Configuring an RMON Event 785
- Security 798
- AAA Authentication 800
- Enabling AAA Authentication 802
- AAA Authorization 803
- RADIUS Authentication 809
- Monitoring RADIUS 812
- TACACS+ Remote Authentication 814
- Enabling SCP and SSH 816
- Secure Shell Authentication 820
- Troubleshooting SSH 823
- Table 62. VTY Access 824
- Role-Based Access Control 826
- User Roles 829
- Role Accounting 836
- Displaying User Roles 837
- Service Provider Bridging 839
- Configure VLAN Stacking 841
- Debugging VLAN Stacking 843
- VLAN Stacking 844
- Building A 845
- Enabling Drop Eligibility 848
- Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling 852
- Setting Rate-Limit BPDUs 855
- Provider Backbone Bridging 856
- Overview 857
- Enabling Extended sFlow 858
- Displaying Show sFlow Global 859
- Back-Off Mechanism 861
- SNMPv3 Compliance With FIPS 865
- Set up SNMP 867
- Creating a Community 868
- Reading Managed Object Values 869
- Writing Managed Object Values 870
- Copying a Configuration File 877
- Manage VLANs using SNMP 881
- Assigning a VLAN Alias 882
- Managing Overload on Startup 884
- Deriving Interface Indices 887
- Monitor Port-Channels 888
- Stack Master Election 892
- Virtual IP 893
- Failover Roles 893
- Stacking LAG 895
- Supported Stacking Topologies 895
- Create an S-Series Stack 898
- Creating a New Stack 900
- Merge Two S-Series Stacks 905
- Split an S-Series Stack 906
- Verify a Stack Configuration 910
- Recover from Stack Link Flaps 914
- Storm Control 916
- Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) 917
- Enabling PortFast 923
- Selecting STP Root 926
- STP Root Guard 927
- Configuring Root Guard 928
- STP Loop Guard 930
- Configuring Loop Guard 931
- System Time and Date 933
- Enabling NTP 935
- Configuring NTP Broadcasts 936
- Disabling NTP on an Interface 936
- Setting the Timezone 941
- Set Daylight Saving Time 941
- Tunneling 944
- Feature Description 948
- UFD and NIC Teaming 950
- Upgrade Procedures 959
- Virtual LANs (VLANs) 960
- Port-Based VLANs 961
- VLANs and Port Tagging 961
- Moving Untagged Interfaces 965
- Configuring Native VLANs 966
- VLT Proxy Gateway 968
- VLT on Core Switches 976
- Enhanced VLT 976
- VLT Terminology 977
- Configuration Notes 979
- RSTP and VLT 983
- VLT Bandwidth Monitoring 983
- VLT and Stacking 984
- VLT and IGMP Snooping 984
- VLT IPv6 984
- VLT Port Delayed Restoration 984
- VLT Routing 986
- Configuring VLT Unicast 987
- VLT Multicast Routing 987
- Configuring VLT Multicast 988
- RSTP Configuration 989
- Sample RSTP Configuration 990
- Configuring VLT 990
- Configuring a VLT Backup Link 993
- VLT Sample Configuration 999
- Virtual Link Trunking (VLT) 1000
- Verifying a VLT Configuration 1006
- Access Switch) 1011
- Troubleshooting VLT 1012
- Working of IPv6 Peer Routing 1023
- VRF Overview 1029
- VRF Configuration Notes 1030
- Table 74 1031
- VRF Configuration 1033
- View VRF Instance Information 1034
- Sample VRF Configuration 1035
- Route Leaking VRFs 1043
- ip vrf forwarding VRF2 1044
- ip address 140.0.0.1/24 1044
- VRRP Overview 1045
- VRRP Benefits 1046
- VRRP Implementation 1046
- VRRP Configuration 1047
- Assign Virtual IP addresses 1049
- Disabling Preempt 1053
- Track an Interface or Object 1054
- Tracking an Interface 1055
- Sample Configurations 1058
- VRRP in a VRF Configuration 1063
- VLAN Scenario 1065
- Offline Diagnostics 1068
- Running Offline Diagnostics 1069
- Trace Logs 1072
- Last Restart Reason (S4810 ) 1072
- Hardware Watchdog Timer 1073
- Table 77. SNMP Traps and OIDs 1076
- Buffer Tuning 1077
- Deciding to Tune Buffers 1078
- Troubleshooting Packet Loss 1082
- Displaying Drop Counters 1083
- Dataplane Statistics 1084
- Display Stack Port Statistics 1085
- Display Stack Member Counters 1085
- Mini Core Dumps 1086
- Enabling TCP Dumps 1087
- Standards Compliance 1088
- RFC and I-D Compliance 1089
- General IPv4 Protocols 1090
- General IPv6 Protocols 1091
- Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) 1091
- Multicast 1094
- Network Management 1094
- MIB Location 1101
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